(ICSG) tau tshaj tawm rau lub Cuaj Hlis 23 tias lub ntiaj teb ua kom zoo tooj liab tso tawm txij lub Ib Hlis mus txog rau Lub Rau Hli tau nce 3.2% xyoo-rau-xyoo, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob electrolytic tooj liab (xws li electrolysis thiab electrowinning) yog 3.5% siab dua li ntawm tib lub xyoo, thiab cov zis ntawm regenerated tooj liab uas ua los ntawm cov khib nyiab tooj liab yog 1.7% siab dua li ntawm tib lub xyoo.Tuam Tshoj txoj kev ua kom zoo tooj liab tau nce 6 feem pua ​​​​hauv lub Ib Hlis-Lub Rau Hli los ntawm ib xyoo dhau los, raws li cov ntaub ntawv ua ntej.Chile lub refined tooj liab tso zis yog 7% qis dua tib lub sij hawm xyoo tas los, nrog electrolytic refining tooj liab nce 0.5%, tab sis electrorefining tooj liab down 11%.Nyob rau hauv teb chaws Africa, kev tsim cov tooj liab refined nyob rau hauv Democratic Republic of the Congo tau nce 13.5 feem pua ​​​​rau-xyoo raws li cov mines tooj liab tshiab tau qhib lossis hydrometallurgical nroj tsuag nthuav dav.Kev tsim cov tooj liab refined hauv Zambia tau nce 12 feem pua ​​​​raws li cov smelters rov qab los ntawm kev tsim khoom kaw thiab cov teeb meem kev ua haujlwm hauv 2019 thiab thaum ntxov 2020. US refined tooj liab ntau lawm tau nce 14 feem pua ​​​​rau-xyoo raws li smelters rov qab los ntawm cov teeb meem ua haujlwm hauv 2020. Cov ntaub ntawv ua ntej tau pom cov khoom lag luam poob qis hauv Brazil, Lub teb chaws Yelemees, Nyiv, Russia, Spain (SX-EW) thiab Sweden rau ntau yam laj thawj, suav nrog kev kaw rau kev saib xyuas, teeb meem kev ua haujlwm thiab kev kaw ntawm SX-EW cov nroj tsuag.